Hydrangea (/ha?'dre?nd?i?/;common titles hydrangea or hortensia) is a genus of 70-75 types of flowering plant life local to southern and eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, the Himalayas, and Indonesia) and the Americas. Probably the greatest species diversity is in eastern Asia, notably China, Japan, and Korea. Most are shrubs 1 to 3 meters tall, however, many are small trees, and others lianas achieving up to 30 m (98 ft) by climbing up trees and shrubs. They can be either evergreen or deciduous, though the cultivated temperate types are deciduous extensively.Having been introduced to the Azores, H. macrophylla is currently very common, on Faial particularly, which is recognized as the "blue island" because of the vast number of hydrangeas present on the island.Life cycleHydrangea plants are created from early spring to late autumn; they grow in flowerheads (corymbs or panicles) most often at the ends of the stems.
Typically the flowerheads contain two types of bouquets: small non-showy flowers in the center or interior of the flowerhead, and large, showy blossoms with large vibrant sepals (tepals). These showy blossoms are extended in a wedding ring often, or to the surface of the small flowers. Vegetation in wild populations routinely have few to nothing of the showy bouquets, while cultivated hydrangeas have been preferred and bred to have more of the bigger type plants.There are two flower arrangements in hydrangeas with Corymb style inflorescens, which include the commonly grown "bigleaf hydrangea"--Hydrangea macrophylla. Mophead bouquets are large rounded flowerheads resembling pom-poms or, as the name indicates, the brain of a mop. In contrast, lacecap flowers bear round, flat flowerheads with a center core of subdued, small flowers surrounded by outer rings of larger flowers having showy sepals or tepals.
The bouquets of some rhododendrons and viburnums can appear, initially, much like those of some hydrangeas.Dirt and colors acidityIn most species the blooms are white, but in some types (notably H. macrophylla), can be blue, red, pink, light purple, or dark purple. In these species the color is influenced by the presence of metal ions which are available or tangled up depending after the soil pH. For H. h and macrophylla. serrata cultivars, the flower color can be dependant on the relative acidity of the soil: an acidic soil (pH below 7), will supply aluminum ions and produce flowers that are blue to purple typically, whereas an alkaline soil (pH above 7) will tie up aluminum ions and result in pink or red flowers.
This is caused by a color change of the rose pigments in the occurrence of aluminium ions which may be adopted into hyperaccumulating crops.[6] Bringing down the pH of potting soils or mixes usually will not change the flower color to blue, because these soils have no aluminum ions. The capability to blue or pink a hydrangea is also inspired by the cultivar. Some plants are selected for his or her ability to be blued, while some are bred and selected to be red, white or pink. The flower color of most other Hydrangea species is not influenced by aluminum and can't be changed or shifted. Hydrangeas likewise have a nickname called 'Change Rose'.
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