Hydrangea (/ha?'dre?nd?i?/;common labels hydrangea or hortensia) is a genus of 70-75 types of flowering vegetation local to southern and eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, the Himalayas, and Indonesia) and the Americas. Undoubtedly the greatest varieties diversity is eastern Asia, china notably, Japan, and Korea. Most are shrubs 1 to 3 meters high, however, many are small trees, while others lianas reaching up to 30 m (98 foot) by climbing up trees. They can be either deciduous or evergreen, though the broadly cultivated temperate species are deciduous.Having been introduced to the Azores, H. macrophylla is currently very common, on Faial particularly, which is known as the "blue island" due to the multitude of hydrangeas present on the island.Life cycleHydrangea plants are produced from planting season to late autumn; they grow in flowerheads (corymbs or panicles) frequently at the ends of the stems.
Usually the flowerheads contain two types of plants: small non-showy blossoms in the guts or interior of the flowerhead, and large, showy flowers with large vibrant sepals (tepals). These showy flowers are expanded in a ring often, or to the exterior of the tiny flowers. Vegetation in untamed populations typically have few to none of them of the showy blooms, while cultivated hydrangeas have been decided on and bred to have more of the bigger type flowers.There are two flower arrangements in hydrangeas with Corymb style inflorescens, which includes the commonly grown "bigleaf hydrangea"--Hydrangea macrophylla. Mophead flowers are large circular flowerheads resembling pom-poms or, as the name signifies, the comparative head of the mop. In contrast, lacecap flowers bear round, flat flowerheads with a center core of subdued, small flowers surrounded by outer rings of larger flowers having showy sepals or tepals.
The flowers of some viburnums and rhododendrons can show up, at first glance, comparable to those of some hydrangeas.Garden soil and colors acidityIn most varieties the blooms are white, but in some varieties (notably H. macrophylla), can be blue, red, red, light crimson, or dark purple. In these types the colour is affected by the existence of metal ions which can be found or tied up depending upon the soil pH. For H. macrophylla and H. serrata cultivars, the flower color can be determined by the relative acidity of the soil: an acidic soil (pH below 7), will supply aluminum ions and typically produce flowers that are blue to purple, whereas an alkaline soil (pH above 7) will tie up aluminum ions and result in pink or red flowers.
This is caused by a color change of the bloom pigments in the presence of aluminium ions which is often adopted into hyperaccumulating vegetation.[6] Cutting down the pH of potting soils or mixes usually does not change the flower color to blue, because these soils have no aluminum ions. The capability to blue or green a hydrangea is also inspired by the cultivar. Some plants are selected because of their ability to be blued, while some are bred and selected to be red, white or pink. The flower color of all other Hydrangea species is not afflicted by aluminum and cannot be changed or shifted. Hydrangeas also have a nickname called 'Change Rose'.
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